Linux 下安装oracle 数据库的准备-白红宇

注：不做特别说明，则全由root执行

1.linux检查安装包是否全

rpm -q --queryformat "%{NAME}-%{VERSION}-%{RELEASE} (%{ARCH})\n" binutils \

compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc \

glibc-common glibc-devel-2.5 libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel \

make sysstat unixODBC glibc-headers unixODBC-devel oracleasm oracleasmlib oracleasm-support |grep not

其中oracleasm oracleasmlib oracleasm-support可以从官网下载：

http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/linux/downloads/rhel5-084877.html

当然如果不用asm存储管理的话，就不必下载asm包！！

2.修改OS参数修改

2.1向/etc/sysctl.conf 添加或修改如下参数：

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

fs.file-max = 6815744

kernel.shmall = 2097152

kernel.shmmax = 48719476736

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 200 200

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 1048586

net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

执行/sbin/sysctl -p

2.2 向/etc/security/limits.conf 添加如下参数：

grid soft nproc 2047

grid hard nproc 16384

grid soft nofile 1024

grid hard nofile 65536

oracle soft nproc 2047

oracle hard nproc 16384

oracle soft nofile 1024

oracle hard nofile 65536

2.3 向/etc/pam.d/login 添加如下参数：

session required pam_limits.so

2.4修改/etc/profile 添加：

if [ $USER = "oracle" ] || [ $USER = "grid" ]; then

if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then

ulimit -p 16384

ulimit -n 65536

else

ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536

umask 022

3.创建用户和相应的目录：

groupadd -g 501 oinstall

groupadd -g 502 dba

groupadd -g 601 asmadmin

groupadd -g 602 asmdba

groupadd -g 603 asmoper

useradd -u 501 -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper grid

useradd -u 601 -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba,asmadmin oracle

目录的创建，可以根据自己的实际情况调整：

这个是创建RAC的例子：

mkdir -p /opt/rac/grid

mkdir -p /opt/rac/11.2.0/grid

chown -R grid:oinstall /opt/rac

mkdir -p /opt/rac/oracle

chown -R oracle:oinstall /opt/rac/oracle

chmod -R 775 /opt/rac/

4.grid和Oracle环境变量

---grid .bash_profile

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/opt/rac/grid/opatch/OPatch

export PATH

umask 022

export PS1=$LOGNAME@`hostname`:'$PWD>'

export ORACLE_BASE=/opt/rac/grid

export ORACLE_HOME=/opt/rac/11.2.0/grid

export ORACLE_SID=+ASM1

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/usr/sbin:$PATH

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib

export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib

export SQLPATH=/home/oracle/admin/sql:$ORACLE_HOME/sqlplus/ADMIN:~/admin/sql

export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8

export ORA_CRS_HOME=/opt/rac/11.2.0/grid

alias sql='sqlplus "/ as sysasm"'

alias sqln="sqlplus /nolog"

alias rm='rm -i --'

alias tf="tail -f /opt/rac/grid/diag/asm/+asm/+ASM2/trace/alert_+ASM2.log"

alias crsdl="tail -f /opt/rac/11.2.0/grid/log/dbname/crsd/crsd.log"

alias cssdl="tail -f /opt/rac/11.2.0/grid/log/dbname/cssd/ocssd.log"

alias gridl="tail -f /opt/rac/11.2.0/grid/log/dbname/alert_dbname.log"

stty erase ^h

esc="\033["

echo " "

echo -e "${esc}31;1m******************************************************************${esc}0m"

echo -e "${esc}31;1m**This is RAC TEST ASM, Please be careful of your operation!***${esc}0m"

echo -e "${esc}31;1m******************************************************************${esc}0m"

echo " "

---oracle .bash_profile

# .bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions

if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then

. ~/.bashrc

# User specific environment and startup programs

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/opt/rac/oracle/opatch/OPatch

export PATH

umask 022

export PS1=$LOGNAME@`hostname`:'$PWD>'

export ORACLE_BASE=/opt/rac/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/11.2.0/db

export ORACLE_SID=orcl

export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin

export ORA_NLS10=$ORACLE_HOME/nls/data

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/usr/sbin:$PATH

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib

export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib

export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8

export PS1=$LOGNAME@`hostname`:'$PWD>'

export SQLPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/sqlplus/admin:/home/oracle/admin/sql

alias bdump="cd /opt/rac/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/rac1/trace/"

alias udump="cd /opt/rac/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/rac1/trace/"

alias home="cd $ORACLE_HOME"

alias tf="tail -f /opt/rac/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/rac1/trace/alert_rac1.log"

alias sql='sqlplus "/"'

alias sqln="sqlplus /nolog"

alias rm='rm -i --'

ulimit -u 16384 -n 63536 #linux

tty -s && stty erase '^H'

esc="\033["

echo " "

echo -e "${esc}31;1m******************************************************************${esc}0m"

echo -e "${esc}31;1m***This is a TEST ENV , Please be careful of your operation!***${esc}0m"

echo -e "${esc}31;1m******************************************************************${esc}0m"

echo " "

5.ntpd configure

--这是搭建RAC的时候需要的步骤

--同步ntpd，模板里已有，不需要修改，根据自己的情况调整

修改文件/etc/ntp.conf，添加如下信息，ntp1 为时间同步服务器

server ntp1

server ntp2

server ntp3

修改文件 /etc/sysconfig/ntpd

OPTIONS="-x -u ntp:ntp -p /var/run/ntpd.pid" --加入 -x

重新启动，并设置为开机启动ntpd 服务：

service ntpd restart

chkconfig ntpd on

6 修改 /etc/rc.local文件：添加如下语句：

modprobe hangcheck-timer hangcheck-tick=30 hangcheck_margin=180

7.配置asm configure，如果选择使用asm做存储的话需要此步骤！

--注意oracleasm的版本，必须和uname -r的版本一致

/etc/init.d/oracleasm configure -i

做完以上工作基本上可以进行oracle rac 或者database的安装了！